Indigo
Also known as: Indigofera spp.
3 types of indigo
Chinese Bush Indigo
120 daysalso: Indigofera amblyantha, Chinese Indigo, Pink-Flower Indigo
Hardy shrub with pink pea-flowers in summer; excellent for erosion control and nitrogen fixation.
Indigo Bush
120 daysalso: Indigofera pseudotinctoria, Indigo
Low spreading legume with rose-pink flowers; used for dye and as a groundcover.
True Indigo
150 daysalso: Indigofera tinctoria
The classic source of natural indigo blue dye; tropical perennial grown as annual in cooler zones.
When & where
Germination
Spacing & depth
How to plant
Nick or soak seeds overnight to break the hard seed coat. Sow in warm soil. Transplant to a sunny, well-drained spot. As a legume, indigo fixes nitrogen and improves soil.
Pre-sow treatment
Scarify by nicking with a file or soaking in warm water 12–24 hours.
Grower's tip
Historically grown for blue dye from fermented leaves. Also a beautiful flowering shrub with pink or purple pea-like blooms.
Soil preferences
Light, well-drained loam. Most culinary herbs suffer in soggy soil.
6.0–7.5 (neutral)
A single fork of finished compost at planting is plenty — over-feeding weakens flavor.
Watering
Consistent moisture while young; let the top inch dry between waterings once established.
Water at the base in the morning to keep leaves dry and prevent mildew.
Overwatered: yellow lower leaves, damp-smelling soil, wilt that doesn't rebound. Underwatered: crispy tips, purple stems, sudden bolting.
Either works — Bottom-water seedlings and potted herbs (set the pot in a tray of water 10–15 min, then drain). Once established, top-water at the soil line. Keep foliage dry on Mediterranean herbs (rosemary, sage, thyme, lavender, oregano) to prevent mildew.
Temperature tolerance
65–85°F (18–29°C) ideal
55–65°F (13–18°C)
Most annual herbs are frost-tender; perennial herbs (sage, thyme, oregano, mint) tolerate frost once established.
Container growing
Yes — great in containers
6–10 in (15–25 cm) wide, minimum 6 in deep
Herbs thrive in pots — group by water needs (Mediterranean herbs on the drier side, basil/parsley/cilantro on the wetter).
Succession planting
Sow leafy herbs (basil, cilantro, dill, parsley) every 3–4 weeks for a steady supply.
Detailed harvesting
Pinch or snip stems just above a leaf pair — never strip a plant of more than one third at a time. Harvest before flowering for peak flavor.
Post-harvest storage & preservation
Air-dry small bundles upside-down in a dark airy spot, or freeze chopped in olive oil in ice-cube trays. Store dried leaves whole in a jar; crush just before use.
Culinary, medicinal & other uses
Culinary flavoring — fresh in salads and finishing, dried in slow cooks and rubs. Many herbs (basil, mint, chamomile) also infuse oils, vinegars, or teas.
Medicinal or traditional uses are shared for interest only — this is not medical advice. Consult a qualified professional before using any plant medicinally.
Seed saving
Mostly insect-pollinated; some (basil, mint) self-pollinate.
Isolate different varieties of the same species by 150 ft or cage/bag flower heads to keep strains true.
Let one plant flower fully; harvest brown, dry seed heads into a paper bag; rub free and store dry.
Your zone's planting calendar
Pick your USDA hardiness zone and we'll estimate the key dates for indigo in your area. These are regional averages — always check your own last-frost forecast before sowing.
From your kitchen — grow indigo from what you already have
Most annual and biennial herbs give seed if you stop harvesting one plant and let it flower.
- 1Choose your best-flavored, latest-to-bolt plant to be the seed parent.
- 2Let it flower, then wait for the seed heads to dry brown and papery on the plant.
- 3Cut whole stems into a paper bag before they shatter.
- 4Rub or crumble the heads to release seed; sieve out the chaff and store dry in an envelope.
Storage: Most herb seed stays viable 2–4 years dry.
My Indigo notes
Indigo seeds on hand
Track packets and loose seeds you already have. Private to your account.
Par level — leave at 0 for no alert. Anything below par shows on Seed Starting and your shopping list.
Order more seeds
Running low? Reorder from one of these seed stores.
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