Pine
Also known as: Pinus · True pine
94 types of pine
Advanced Shortleaf Pine
also: Pinus echinata Advanced
Improved shortleaf pine selection for timber and restoration.
Aleppo Pine
also: Pinus halepensis, Jerusalem Pine
Heat- and drought-tolerant Mediterranean pine.
Ancient Bristlecone Pine
also: Pinus longaeva
Extremely long-lived high-elevation pine.
Apache Pine
also: Pinus engelmannii, Arizona Longleaf Pine
Southwestern pine with long, drooping needles.
Armand Pine
also: Pinus armandii, Chinese White Pine, David's Pine
Chinese white pine with five needles in a loose bundle.
Aztec Pine
also: Pinus teocote, Teocote, Teocote Pine
Mexican mountain pine with reddish bark and three-needled bundles.
Aztec Pine
also: Pinus teocote, Teocote, Teocote Pine
Mexican mountain pine with reddish bark and three-needled bundles.
Balkan Pine
also: Pinus peuce
Balkan endemic five-needle pine.
Bhutan Pine
also: Pinus wallichiana, Blue Pine, Himalayan White Pine
Himalayan five-needle white pine with long, drooping needles.
Bhutan Pine
also: Pinus wallichiana, Blue Pine, Himalayan White Pine
Himalayan five-needle white pine with long, drooping needles.
Bishop Pine
also: Pinus muricata
Coastal California pine with prickly cones.
Bosnian Pine
also: Pinus heldreichii
Slow-growing compact Balkan pine.
Bristlecone Pine
also: Pinus aristata, Colorado Bristlecone Pine, Foxtail Pine, Hickory Pine, Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine
Long-lived high-elevation pine with bristle-tipped cones.
Bull Pine
also: Pinus sabiniana, California Foothill Pine, Digger Pine, Foothills Pine, Gray Pine, Grayleaf Pine, Sabine Pine
California foothill pine with massive cones and gray-green foliage.
Bull Pine
also: Pinus sabiniana, California Foothill Pine, Digger Pine, Foothills Pine, Gray Pine, Grayleaf Pine, Sabine Pine
California foothill pine with massive cones and gray-green foliage.
Calabrian Pine
also: Pinus brutia, Brutia Pine, East Mediterranean Pine, Turkish Pine
Eastern Mediterranean pine closely related to Aleppo pine.
Canary Island Pine
also: Pinus canariensis, Canary Pine
Large, elegant pine from the Canary Islands with long needles.
Cevennes Pine
also: Pinus nigra ssp. salzmannii
Southwestern European black pine.
Chilghoza Pine
also: Pinus gerardiana
Himalayan pine grown for large edible seeds.
Chinese Red Pine
also: Pinus tabuliformis, Southern Chinese Pine
Chinese pine with flat-topped crown, used for timber and ornament.
Chinese Red Pine
also: Pinus tabuliformis, Southern Chinese Pine
Chinese pine with flat-topped crown, used for timber and ornament.
Chir Pine
also: Pinus roxburghii, Salli
Himalayan low-elevation pine with long needles, used for resin and timber.
Chir Pine
also: Pinus roxburghii, Salli
Himalayan low-elevation pine with long needles, used for resin and timber.
Coastal Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Coastal
Coastal provenance of loblolly pine adapted to humid conditions.
Coastal Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Coastal
Coastal provenance of loblolly pine adapted to humid conditions.
Colorado Pinyon
also: Pinus edulis, Colorado Pinyon Pine, Pinyon Pine, Two needle Pinyon, Two needle Pinyon Pine
Edible pine nut pine of the southwestern US and Colorado Plateau.
Cooper Pine
also: Pinus arizonica var. ornelasii, Cooper's Pine
Mexican pine variety from the Sierra Madre Occidental.
Coulter Pine
also: Pinus coulteri, Big-Cone Pine, Coulter's Pine
California big-cone pine with the largest, heaviest cones of any pine.
Crimean Pine
also: Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana
Eastern black pine subspecies.
Dwarf Mugo Pine
also: Pinus mugo var. pumilio
Compact mugo pine for small spaces.
Eastern White Pine
also: Pinus strobus, Northern White Pine, Soft Pine, Weymouth Pine, White Pine
Tallest native eastern US pine with soft, blue-green needles.
Eastern White Pine
also: Pinus strobus, Northern White Pine, Soft Pine, Weymouth Pine, White Pine
Tallest native eastern US pine with soft, blue-green needles.
Foxtail Pine
also: Pinus balfouriana
High-elevation California and Oregon pine with dense, foxtail-like foliage.
Gaoshan Pine
also: Pinus densata, Sikang Pine
High-elevation Himalayan pine, a stable hybrid species.
Greggs Pine
also: Pinus greggii
Mexican pine used for timber and reforestation.
Guadalupe Island Pine
also: Pinus radiata var. binata
Rare insular variety of Monterey pine from Guadalupe Island, Mexico.
Guadalupe Island Pine
also: Pinus radiata var. binata
Rare insular variety of Monterey pine from Guadalupe Island, Mexico.
Huangshan Pine
also: Pinus hwangshanensis
Chinese mountain pine with picturesque form.
Improved Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Improved
Select bred loblolly pine for improved form and growth rate.
Improved Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Improved
Select bred loblolly pine for improved form and growth rate.
Improved Shortleaf Pine
also: Pinus echinata Improved
Select shortleaf pine variety bred for form and disease resistance.
Improved Virginia Pine
also: Pinus virginiana Improved
Select bred Virginia pine for form and disease resistance.
Improved Virginia Pine
also: Pinus virginiana Improved
Select bred Virginia pine for form and disease resistance.
Jack Pine
also: Pinus banksiana, Black Pine, Gray Pine, Scrub Pine
Boreal North American pine with twisted needles and serotinous cones.
Japanese Black Pine
also: Pinus thunbergii
Coastal East Asian pine with dark, rugged bark and two-needled bundles.
Japanese Black Pine
also: Pinus thunbergii
Coastal East Asian pine with dark, rugged bark and two-needled bundles.
Japanese Red Pine
also: Pinus densiflora
East Asian ornamental pine with reddish, flaky bark.
Khasi Pine
also: Pinus kesiya
Southeast Asian timber and resin pine.
Knobcone Pine
also: Pinus attenuata
Fire-adapted West Coast pine with serotinous cones.
Korean Pine
also: Pinus koraiensis, Chinese Pinenut
Cold-hardy pine with large edible nuts.
Lacebark Pine
also: Pinus bungeana, Bunge's Pine
Chinese pine famous for mottled, exfoliating bark.
Lawsons Pine
also: Pinus lawsonii
Mexican pine from the Sierra Madre Oriental.
Limber Pine
also: Pinus flexilis, Rocky Mountain White Pine
Cold-hardy high-elevation pine with edible nuts.
Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda
Fast-growing southeastern US timber and pulp pine.
Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda
Fast-growing southeastern US timber and pulp pine.
Lodgepole Pine
also: Pinus contorta var. murrayana, Sierra Lodgepole Pine
Inland mountain lodgepole pine with straight trunk and persistent cones.
Longleaf Pine
also: Pinus palustris
Southeastern native restoration pine.
Maritime Pine
also: Pinus pinaster
Mediterranean resin and timber pine.
Massons Pine
also: Pinus massoniana
Chinese resin and timber pine.
Monterey Pine
also: Pinus radiata
Fast-growing California coastal timber pine.
Mountain Pine
also: Pinus mugo var. rostrata
Tree-form mugo pine.
Mugo Pine
also: Pinus mugo var. mughus
Low bushy mountain pine for rock gardens.
Ocala Sand Pine
also: Pinus clausa Ocala, Sand Pine
Florida scrub pine variety from the Ocala region.
Oocarpa Pine
also: Pinus oocarpa
Mexican and Central American timber pine.
Piedmont Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Piedmont
Piedmont provenance of loblolly pine for upland sites.
Piedmont Loblolly Pine
also: Pinus taeda Piedmont
Piedmont provenance of loblolly pine for upland sites.
Pond Pine
also: Pinus serotina, Marsh Pine, Pocosin Pine
Southeastern wetland pine that holds closed cones until fire opens them.
Pond Pine
also: Pinus serotina, Marsh Pine, Pocosin Pine
Southeastern wetland pine that holds closed cones until fire opens them.
Pyramidal Austrian Pine
also: Pinus nigra var. pyramidalis
Columnar form of Austrian pine.
Scots Pine
also: Pinus sylvestris, Scotch Pine
Widespread Eurasian pine with orange bark and blue-green needles.
Scots Pine
also: Pinus sylvestris, Scotch Pine
Widespread Eurasian pine with orange bark and blue-green needles.
Shore Pine
also: Pinus contorta var. contorta, Beach Pine
Coastal Pacific Northwest variety of lodgepole pine, often shrubby.
Simao Pine
also: Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis
Yunnan variety of Khasi pine.
Single-leaf Pinyon
also: Pinus monophylla
Desert pinyon with edible nuts.
Slash Pine
also: Pinus elliottii
Fast-growing southern timber pine.
Smooth-bark Mexican Pine
also: Pinus pseudostrobus
Mexican pine with smooth bark.
Southwestern White Pine
also: Pinus strobiformis, Border Pine, Chihuahua White Pine
Five-needle white pine of southwestern US and Mexico mountains.
Southwestern White Pine
also: Pinus strobiformis, Border Pine, Chihuahua White Pine
Five-needle white pine of southwestern US and Mexico mountains.
Spruce Pine
also: Pinus glabra
Southeastern pine with soft, spruce-like foliage.
Sugar Pine
also: Pinus lambertiana
Worlds largest pine with huge cones.
Table Mountain Pine
also: Pinus pungens
Appalachian pine with prickly cones.
Taiwan Red Pine
also: Pinus taiwanensis
Taiwan mountain pine with reddish bark and two-needled bundles.
Taiwan Red Pine
also: Pinus taiwanensis
Taiwan mountain pine with reddish bark and two-needled bundles.
Tecun Uman Pine
also: Pinus tecunumanii, Ocote de Caretilla, Pinabete, Pino Ocote, Schwerdtfeger's Pine
Central American timber pine from Guatemala and southern Mexico.
Tecun Uman Pine
also: Pinus tecunumanii, Ocote de Caretilla, Pinabete, Pino Ocote, Schwerdtfeger's Pine
Central American timber pine from Guatemala and southern Mexico.
Thinleaf Pine
also: Pinus maximinoi
Central American fast-growing timber pine.
Turkish Black Pine
also: Pinus nigra Turkey
Heat-tolerant black pine provenance.
Virginia Pine
also: Pinus virginiana, Jersey Pine, Scrub Pine
Small to medium eastern US pine often used for reforestation and Christmas trees.
Virginia Pine
also: Pinus virginiana, Jersey Pine, Scrub Pine
Small to medium eastern US pine often used for reforestation and Christmas trees.
Washoe Pine
also: Pinus washoensis
Rare pine of the Sierra Nevada and western Great Basin.
Washoe Pine
also: Pinus washoensis
Rare pine of the Sierra Nevada and western Great Basin.
Western White Pine
also: Pinus monticola
Northwestern five-needle white pine.
Yunnan Pine
also: Pinus yunnanensis
Chinese mountain pine with two-needled bundles, important for timber.
Yunnan Pine
also: Pinus yunnanensis
Chinese mountain pine with two-needled bundles, important for timber.
When & where
Germination
Spacing & depth
How to plant
Cold-moist stratify seed 30–60 days (some species up to 90) or fall-sow outdoors. Sow in deep pots to accommodate the taproot. Keep moist but not soggy and provide bright light after germination.
Pre-sow treatment
Cold-moist stratification 30–90 days before sowing improves germination.
Grower's tip
Most conifers grow best from fresh seed; viability drops quickly if seed dries out.
Soil preferences
Deep, well-drained native soil. Avoid amending the planting hole heavily — roots should learn to grow into the surrounding earth.
5.5–7.5 depending on species (conifers lean acidic; most hardwoods neutral).
Top-dress with compost and mulch in a wide ring; don't backfill with pure compost.
Watering
Deep soak weekly the first two years while roots establish; taper once the tree self-supports.
Slow trickle at the drip line, not the trunk. A 5-gal bucket with a pinhole is ideal.
Overwatered: yellowing, root rot, mushroom collar. Underwatered: leaf scorch, early leaf drop.
Prefers top-watering — Trees are always top-watered — deep slow soak at the drip line, never at the trunk. Bottom-watering only makes sense for nursery seedlings.
Temperature tolerance
Broad — most species tolerate 40–90°F once established
Down to species-rated USDA zone minimum
Hardy once established; young seedlings need protection their first winter.
Special germination requirements
Most temperate tree seed needs cold stratification (30–120+ days at 34–41°F) — see each species entry for the exact time.
Container growing
Possible with the right cultivar
Deep tree pots (root trainers) for the first 1–2 seasons; permanent site required for full growth.
Only dwarf, patio, or bonsai forms live long-term in containers.
Detailed harvesting
Not applicable for ornamental/timber trees. Nut and fruit species — pick when they drop naturally.
Post-harvest storage & preservation
Nuts: keep damp and cool, sow promptly. Winged/coned seed: dry, cool, dark in a sealed jar.
Culinary, medicinal & other uses
Shade, windbreak, wildlife habitat, timber, ornament, and long-term carbon storage.
Medicinal or traditional uses are shared for interest only — this is not medical advice. Consult a qualified professional before using any plant medicinally.
Seed saving
Wind- or insect-pollinated; seedlings rarely match the parent exactly (especially named cultivars — those must be grafted or cutting-grown).
Not practical for trees. Expect variation.
Collect fully ripe seed in fall, clean, dry or keep damp per species, then cold-stratify before spring sowing.
Your zone's planting calendar
Pick your USDA hardiness zone and we'll estimate the key dates for pine in your area. These are regional averages — always check your own last-frost forecast before sowing.
From your kitchen — grow pine from what you already have
Trees usually mean patience — collect fully ripe seed in fall, clean pulp off, and give most species a cold winter (real or in the fridge) before they'll germinate.
- 1Collect ripe seed/nuts/cones in autumn from a healthy parent.
- 2Clean off any fleshy pulp; dry cones warm to release seed.
- 3Cold-stratify in a bag of damp sand or peat in the fridge (34–41°F) for the time listed on the species.
- 4Sow in deep tree pots and grow on 1–2 seasons before planting to a permanent spot.
Storage: Most tree seed keeps 1–3 years cool and dry; oak/hickory/chestnut nuts must stay damp and be sown promptly.
My Pine notes
Pine seeds on hand
Track packets and loose seeds you already have. Private to your account.
Par level — leave at 0 for no alert. Anything below par shows on Seed Starting and your shopping list.
Order more seeds
Running low? Reorder from one of these seed stores.
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