Four O'Clock
Also known as: Marvel of Peru · Mirabilis jalapa
4 types of four o'clock
Broken Colors
70 daysWildly speckled and streaked blooms — no two flowers alike. Excellent conversation plant.
Four O'Clocks
also: Mirabilis jalapa, Four OClocks, Marvel Of Peru
Fragrant trumpet flowers open in late afternoon in mixed colors on the same plant.
Mirabilis jalapa Mix
65 daysThe classic mixed heirloom — magenta, yellow, white, pink, and striped trumpets on the same plant.
Tea Time
65 daysCompact 20 in series in named single colors (rose, red, white, formula mix). Tidier for smaller gardens.
When & where
Germination
Spacing & depth
How to plant
Soak the pea-sized seed overnight to speed germination. Sow in warm soil. Plants form bushy 2–3 ft mounds and open trumpet flowers in late afternoon — hence 'four o'clock' — with strong sweet fragrance that draws hawk moths.
Pre-sow treatment
Soak seed overnight in warm water before sowing.
Grower's tip
In zones 7+ the black turnip-like tubers overwinter; dig and store like dahlias in colder zones. Single plants can bear flowers in multiple colors and stripes.
Soil preferences
Well-drained garden soil. Native/wildflower species prefer lean soil; cutting flowers prefer richer beds.
6.0–7.0
Work 1 in of compost into beds before sowing. Skip nitrogen fertilizer on wildflowers — it favors foliage over blooms.
Watering
1 in per week during establishment, drought-tolerant once rooted for most species.
Deep, infrequent soakings at the base. Overhead water on ornamentals promotes botrytis and rust.
Overwatered: rotted crowns, mildew, floppy stems. Underwatered: small blooms, curled leaves, quick fade.
Either works — Bottom-water seed trays and young potted annuals to protect fragile stems from damping-off. Top-water established plants at the base in the morning so foliage dries by night. Avoid overhead sprinkling on open blooms.
Temperature tolerance
60–80°F (16–27°C) ideal for most annuals
50–65°F (10–18°C)
Cool-season annuals (larkspur, poppy, snapdragon) tolerate light frost; warm-season annuals (zinnia, cosmos, marigold) are frost-tender.
Container growing
Possible with the right cultivar
8–14 in (20–35 cm) wide
Compact and dwarf types do best in pots; tall cutting flowers need staking.
Succession planting
Sow cutting flowers (zinnia, cosmos, sunflower) every 3 weeks through midsummer for continuous cut stems.
Detailed harvesting
Cut in early morning when stems are turgid. For cutting varieties, harvest when the bud is just showing color and 1–2 outer petals have opened.
Post-harvest storage & preservation
Immediately re-cut stems underwater and place in clean cool water for 4 hrs before arranging. Petals can be dried on screens for potpourri or crafts.
Culinary, medicinal & other uses
Cut flowers, dried arrangements, pollinator habitat, edible garnishes (borage, nasturtium, calendula, viola).
Medicinal or traditional uses are shared for interest only — this is not medical advice. Consult a qualified professional before using any plant medicinally.
Seed saving
Mostly insect-pollinated (outcrossing).
For pure strains, isolate 150–800 ft or bag heads. Wildflower mixes are meant to cross freely.
Stop deadheading favorite blooms; let heads dry brown and rattling on the stem, then collect into a paper bag.
Your zone's planting calendar
Pick your USDA hardiness zone and we'll estimate the key dates for four o'clock in your area. These are regional averages — always check your own last-frost forecast before sowing.
From your kitchen — grow four o'clock from what you already have
Deadhead less. Let the best blooms fade and set seed on the plant — that's your next year's packet.
- 1Mark 2–3 of your favorite flowers with a bit of yarn and stop deadheading them.
- 2Wait until the seed head or pod dries fully on the plant — brown, papery, and rattling.
- 3Cut whole heads into a paper bag on a dry day; shake or rub to free seed.
- 4Sieve out chaff and store cool and dry in a labeled envelope.
Storage: 2–5 years for most flower seed.
My Four O'Clock notes
Four O'Clock seeds on hand
Track packets and loose seeds you already have. Private to your account.
Par level — leave at 0 for no alert. Anything below par shows on Seed Starting and your shopping list.
Order more seeds
Running low? Reorder from one of these seed stores.
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